国際誌論文データベース

Tham, Y. J.(ターン有加里ジェシカ), Ohtsubo, Y. (大坪庸介), Hashimoto, T. (橋本剛明), & Karasawa, K. (唐沢かおり) (2025).
Equitable burden-sharing in “take-one-for-the-team” situations: The role of coordination.
誰かが皆のために動かなければいけない状況での公平な分担：調整の重要性
Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. Advance online publication.
https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001781

Groups frequently encounter situations where someone must “take one for the team”—that is, one member must undertake a task for the benefit of the group. When such tasks recur, how should the burdens be shared? This question becomes particularly complex when the cost of performing the task varies among members, creating a trade-off between efficiency and equity. For instance, always assigning the task to the member who can complete it at the lowest cost is efficient but inequitable. Our research examines how this trade-off is managed, using the framework of social dilemmas, specifically volunteer’s dilemmas. Across three main experiments and three supplemental experiments (N = 1,789), we find that when participants imagine these situations, they prefer equitable (but inefficient) burden-sharing (Study 1). However, when they actually face these situations, their actions often deviate from this preference, with some members taking on more burdens than necessary to achieve equity (Study 2). Further investigation reveals that the main obstacle to equity is the difficulty of coordinating who takes on the task and when (Study 3). These findings contribute two key insights to research on fairness. First, they provide initial evidence that individuals tend to prefer equity when sharing indivisible burdens, contrasting with previous studies on distributive justice and social preferences, which have focused on divisible resources (e.g., money). Second, they highlight the critical role of coordination in achieving equitable burden-sharing—an aspect overlooked in prior research, which has focused on the role of coordination in group productivity rather than fairness.

https://psych.or.jp/publication/world109/pw22/

Takebe, M., (竹部成崇) & Nakashima, K. (中島健一郎) (in press). 
Testing the Mediating Role of Zero-Sum Beliefs in the Effect of Resource Scarcity on Out-Group Exclusion/Un-inclusion.
資源不足が外集団の排斥／受入拒否に及ぼす影響におけるゼロサム信念の媒介効果の検証
Japanese Psychological Research.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12576（Early View）

When resources are scarce, people often exclude/un-include others. However, the psychological process underlying this phenomenon is unclear. We tested the mediating role of zero-sum beliefs using vignette (Studies 1, 2, and 3) and priming (Study 4) experiments. In Studies 1, 2a, and 2b (n = 94, 206, and 508, respectively), via increased zero-sum beliefs, resource scarcity reduced the number of new employees to be hired (Study 1), increased opposition to accepting more foreign workers (Study 2a), and strengthened support for the return of foreign workers (Study 2b). In Study 3 (n = 132), suggesting that resources are non-zero-sum reduced the opposition to accepting more foreign workers via decreased zero-sum beliefs under resource scarcity. However, in Studies 1, 2a, and 3, zero-sum beliefs only had a partial mediating role; that is, the direct effects remained. In Studies 4a and 4b (n = 232 and 583, respectively), resource scarcity priming did not affect attitudes toward accepting more foreign workers via zero-sum beliefs. Future research directions are discussed.

Makino, K. (牧野圭子) (2018).
An empirical research framework for the aesthetic appreciation of the urban environment. 
都市環境の美的鑑賞に関する経験的研究の枠組み
City, Culture, and Society, 13, 1-7.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2017.06.001

The present article aims to construct an empirical research framework for the aesthetic appreciation of the urban environment. By applying the concept of “environmental aesthetics” to “consumer aesthetics,” the present article remarks that urban environments are considered as aesthetic environments when they resemble natural environments. This article proposes an empirical research framework composed of two factors. The first factor is the similarity of the urban environment to the natural environment. This factor is classified into two categories: (1) assimilation into the natural environment and (2) natural change caused by the passage of time. The second factor is the consumer’s relationship with the urban environment. This factor is also classified into two categories, borrowing the two terms of environmental aesthetics: (1) “engaged” and (2) “observational.” This article also discusses the research methods appropriate for this framework.

Kimura, K. （木村邦博） (2020). 
Japanese Women’s Attitudes Toward Childrearing: Text Analysis and Multidimensional Scaling.
子育てに対する日本女性の態度：テキスト分析と多次元尺度構成法
Advanced Studies in Behaviormetrics and Data Science: Essays in Honor of Akinori Okada, 423-438.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2700-5_26

This study aimed to understand Japanese women’s attitudes toward childrearing via text analysis. The text data were taken from the emails that readers had submitted to a magazine as a reply to the call for essays on the theme “Is Childrearing a Strain?” I hypothesized that Japanese women tended to attribute “failure” to external factors such as institutional flaws and “success” to internal factors such as their personal conditions. I employed an “appearance of strings” approach to natural language processing to map the keywords onto “topics.” Based on the multiple classification of emails with respect to the topics referred, I calculated symmetric and asymmetric versions of Jaccard Similarity Coefficient and applied four multidimensional scaling models: Torgerson’s method, SMACOF, slide vector model, and drift vector model. There was a contrast between positive and negative feelings. There were also personal, interpersonal, and societal facets. The emails expressing positive attitudes tended to refer to only personal topics, while those manifesting negative attitudes tended to refer to the topics in all the three facets. In the latter group of emails, reference to personal topics implied reference to interpersonal topics, and reference to interpersonal topics implied reference to societal topics.

Kimura, K. （木村邦博） (2020). 
Can the signaling game serve as a model of statistical discrimination in hiring?
シグナリングゲームは雇用における統計的差別のモデルたり得るか？
Sociological Theory and Methods, 35(1), 14-32.
https://doi.org/10.11218/ojjams.35.14

Some scholars argue that Spence’s signaling game with an index may serve as a model of statistical discrimination in hiring processes. This would then explain that both mean education level and mean wage are greater for men than for women in industrialized societies. To examine the validity of this conjecture, I formulated a generalized version of the game. In this version, I assumed that the educational level is a signal of productivity while the gender is an index of productivity. I then followed the refinement procedure of Perfect Bayesian Equilibria to eliminate unreasonable outcomes. My analysis reveals that an anomaly is derived from the separating equilibrium that survives the Intuitive Criterion in the procedure: the mean wage for men would be equivalent to that for women. As the employer is assumed to know that the educational cost for women is greater than that for men, he or she would believe that women with a lower level of education have the same productivity as men with a higher level of education. Therefore, the employer would offer the same wage for the men and the women. I also examined other classes of equilibria and alternative assumptions.

Yang, F.（楊帆）, & Oshio, A.（小塩真司） (2025). 
Using attachment theory to conceptualize and measure the experiences in human-AI relationships. 
人とAIの関係性における体験を愛着理論で概念化・測定する試み
Current Psychology.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-025-07917-6

Artificial intelligence (AI) is growing “stronger and wiser,” leading to increasingly frequent and varied human-AI interactions. This trend is expected to continue. Existing research has primarily focused on trust and companionship in human-AI relationships, but little is known about whether attachment-related functions and experiences could also be applied to this relationship. In two pilot studies and one formal study, the current project first explored using attachment theory to examine human-AI relationships. Initially, we hypothesized that interactions with generative AI mimic attachment-related functions, which we tested in Pilot Study 1. Subsequently, we posited that experiences in human-AI relationships could be conceptualized via two attachment dimensions, attachment anxiety and avoidance, which are similar to traditional interpersonal dynamics. To this end, in Pilot Study 2, a self-report scale, the Experiences in Human-AI Relationships Scale, was developed. Further, we tested its reliability and validity in a formal study. Overall, the findings suggest that attachment theory significantly contributes to understanding the dynamics of human-AI interactions. Specifically, attachment anxiety toward AI is characterized by a significant need for emotional reassurance from AI and a fear of receiving inadequate responses. Conversely, attachment avoidance involves discomfort with closeness and a preference for maintaining emotional distance from AI. This implies the potential existence of shared structures underlying the experiences generated from interactions, including those with other humans, pets, or AI. These patterns reveal similarities with human and pet relationships, suggesting common structural foundations. Future research should examine how these attachment styles function across different relational contexts.

AIは本当に愛着対象になり得るのか。本研究では、中国の若者を対象に調査を行い、約半数がAIを「近接追求」「安全避難所」「安全基地」として利用していることが示唆された。 人とAIの関係は一方向的であり、物理的接触も存在しないが、その心理的体験は愛着理論によって説明可能であり、新たな対人理解の枠組みとなり得る。 本研究は、AIへの「真の愛着」が成立していると主張するものではない。むしろ、AIとのやり取りにおいて生じる体験が、構造的に愛着理論によって捉えうることを示した。「人間らしいAI」の追求と並行して、AIがもつ感情操作の力が引き起こす社会的影響にも真剣に向き合う必要がある。

Yang, F.（楊帆）& Oshio, A.（小塩真司） (2025).
The mediating role of mindfulness between attachment style and self-concept clarity within a dyadic context. 
二者間関係における愛着スタイルと自己概念明確性との間におけるマインドフルネスの媒介効果
Current Issues in Personality Psychology.
https://doi.org/10.5114/cipp/197265

Previous research has found that attachment style is associated with self-concept clarity, and mindfulness mediates this association at an individual level. However, there is currently a lack of research on the relationship between attachment style, mindfulness, and self-concept clarity from an interpersonal perspective. Therefore, the current study aimed to extend the relationship between attachment style and self-concept clarity to a dyadic context. To this end, we online recruited a final sample of 773 pairs of Chinese heterosexual couples (Mage = 35.43, SDage = 3.77 for wives; Mage = 37.46, SDage = 4.39 for husbands) to measure their attachment style, mindfulness, and self-concept clarity and conducted the actor-partner interdependence mediation modeling. Results indicate actor effects that one’s own mindfulness significantly mediated the relationship between one’s own attachment style (both avoidance and anxiety) and self-concept clarity for both women and men. Furthermore, as for the partner effect, the mindfulness of men significantly mediated the relationship between the attachment anxiety of women and the self-concept clarity of men. Altogether, we provide evidence that the impact of attachment style on self-concept clarity within a dyadic context and the level of husbands’ mindfulness could partly explain the relationship between wives’ attachment anxiety and husbands’ self-concept clarity. Implications of these findings are discussed.

Nozaki, Y.（野崎優樹） & Gross, J. J. (2025). 
Bridging supportive communication and interpersonal emotion regulation: An integrative review.
支援的コミュニケーション研究と対人的情動調整研究の橋渡し：統合的レビュー
Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, Advance online publication.
https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075251335816

Social interactions that support people who are experiencing negative emotions are ubiquitous in a wide array of interpersonal relationships. These social interactions are referred to as supportive communication. Decades ago, Burleson and Goldsmith (1998) first noted a connection between supportive communication and emotion regulation, with the goal of explaining the underlying mechanisms by which supportive messages change the recipient’s negative emotions. Since then, contemporary emotion regulation theory has matured, and now can explain a broad range of supportive communication processes via the expansion of interpersonal emotion regulation research and the development of the process model of emotion regulation. This paper aims to describe how contemporary advances in emotion regulation theory and research can shed light on dynamic processes in supportive communication. We then discuss the implications of this updated view for both research fields and show how it can advance interdisciplinary research.

Ishihara, T., Tanaka, H.（田中大貴）, Kiyonari, T.（清成透子）, Matsuda, T., & Takagishi, H.（高岸治人） (2025). 
Multimodal imaging for identifying brain markers of human prosocial behavior.
ヒト向社会行動の脳マーカーを特定するためのマルチモーダルイメージング
eNEURO, Online ahead of print.
https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0304-24.2025

How humans achieve such a high degree of prosocial behavior is a subject of considerable interest. Exploration of the neural foundations of human prosociality has garnered significant attention in recent decades. Nevertheless, the neural mechanisms underlying human prosociality remain to be elucidated. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed multimodal brain imaging data and data from 15 economic games. The results revealed several significant associations between brain characteristics and prosocial behavior, including stronger interhemispheric connectivity and larger corpus callosum volume. Greater functional segregation and integration, alongside fewer myelin maps combined with a thicker cortex, was linked to prosocial behavior, particularly within the social brain regions. The current study demonstrates that these metrics serve as brain markers of human prosocial behavior and provides novel insights into the structural and functional brain basis of human prosocial behavior.

https://www.tamagawa.jp/research/brain/news/detail_24349.html

Yamamoto, H.(山本仁志), & Suzuki, T.(鈴木貴久) (2025).
Exploring condition in which people accept AI over human judgements on justified defection.
間接互恵におけるAIと人間の判断に対する受容の違い
Scientific Reports 15, 3339.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87170-w

As artificial intelligence (AI) technology is introduced into different areas of society, understanding people’s willingness to accept AI decisions emerges as a critical scientific and societal issue. It is an open question whether people can accept the judgement of humans or AI in situations where they are unsure of their judgement, as in the trolley problem. Here, we focus on justified defection (non-cooperation with a bad person) in indirect reciprocity because it has been shown that people avoid judging justified defection as good or bad. We explore which decisions people would accept when AI and humans make different decisions in the justified defection. Two experiments revealed that only when AI judged positively and a human judged negatively, people rated the AI’s judgement as better. The research suggests that people’s acceptance of AI decisions depends on estimating the hidden intentions behind societal norms. It offers new insights into human norm analysis by examining the differences in acceptance between AI and human judgments.